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Deepening South–South ties: investments, infrastructure and diplomatic outreach


In brief
  • China uses economic, diplomatic, and cultural strategies to deepen ties with Africa, the Pacific, and Central Asia.
  • African, Latin American, and Caribbean regions focus on practical projects and strategic partnerships to boost integration and development.
  • Labour mobility, geopolitical competition, and security issues shape South–South relations amid efforts to manage economic and diplomatic ties.
Deepening South–South ties: investments, infrastructure and diplomatic outreach

Recent reporting shows an intensification of South–South engagement across multiple fronts: China is deepening economic, cultural and tariff-driven ties with African, Pacific and Central Asian partners, while other Global South actors expand bilateral trade, investment and technical cooperation. Africa-led regional integration and capacity-building projects — from highways and aviation pacts to university MoUs and science initiatives — signal pragmatic cooperation to boost connectivity and local development. Cuba and its partners continue to emphasise political solidarity, party-to-party relations and health/biotech cooperation as core elements of their external engagement. At the same time, labour and migration issues among South Asian sending countries and rising security and diplomatic alignments across regions underline ongoing challenges and geopolitical competition within South–South interactions.

Countries covering this topic

Cuban solidarity and strategic partnerships

Cuba emphasises political solidarity, party-to-party diplomacy and diversified strategic partnerships — including medical and biotech cooperation — as central to its South–South posture. The coverage highlights Cuba’s engagement in regional forums (CELAC), visits to China, outreach to faith groups, and collaborative pharmaceutical projects with foreign partners.

African regional development and connectivity

Many African governments and institutions are focused on practical, project-driven cooperation to boost integration, connectivity and human capital through highways, aviation deals, academic MoUs, innovation contests and science partnerships. The viewpoint stresses multi-stakeholder efforts to translate regional projects into tangible economic and social benefits.

Latin American, Caribbean and Pacific diplomatic engagement

Regional leaders in Latin America, the Caribbean and the Pacific are pursuing higher-level strategic ties, trade and development financing with neighbours and non-traditional partners, reflecting a push to diversify partnerships and strengthen regional cooperation. Coverage highlights bilateral visits, diplomatic outreach and new development agreements as vehicles for deeper South–South ties.

Ethiopia–Bangladesh economic outreach

Ethiopia frames its ties with Bangladesh as an opportunity to expand trade, investment and joint development in textiles, pharmaceuticals, agro-processing and renewables, signalling deliberate South–South economic diversification. The officials stress elevating the bilateral relationship through enhanced economic cooperation and people-to-people links.

Migration and labour-sending countries’ concerns

Nepal and Bangladesh-centred reporting foregrounds the vulnerability of migrant workers to policy shifts in Gulf and Middle East labour markets, with governments managing permit regimes and potential mass departures. This perspective highlights how labour mobility and remittances remain core South–South economic lifelines that are sensitive to regional tensions and employer policies.

Security, strategic alignments and regional diplomacy

Several pieces underscore geopolitical competition, security cooperation and diplomatic pressure shaping South–South relations — from cross-strait influence affecting Taiwan’s outreach to border security tensions in the Americas and summit preparations in Central Asia. The perspective reflects states’ efforts to manage security, mobility and influence within regional and inter-regional frameworks.

Trade missions and tourism diplomacy

Business delegations, trade-show participation and tourism promotion are presented as pragmatic tools for building commercial ties and people-to-people exchange among Global South partners. The coverage highlights delegations to major food shows and tourism assessments as part of broader economic diplomacy.